Cusco, often regarded as the historical capital of Peru, is a city steeped in rich cultural heritage and stunning landscapes. Once the heart of the Inca Empire, it now stands as a UNESCO World Heritage site, attracting millions of visitors each year. As you wander through its streets, you’ll find a fascinating blend of ancient Incan walls and colonial architecture, creating a unique atmosphere that reflects the city’s vibrant history. In this guide, we’ll explore the top things to do in Cusco in 2024, ensuring that you experience the best this incredible destination has to offer.
Acclimatization: The First Step to Enjoying Cusco
Before diving into the multitude of attractions, it’s essential to take a day to acclimatize to Cusco’s high altitude of approximately 3,400 meters (11,155 feet). Altitude sickness, known as “soroche,” can affect even the most seasoned travelers, so allow yourself time to adjust. Once you’re feeling comfortable, you’re ready to explore this enchanting city and its surrounding wonders.
Exploring Cusco City
Cusco offers a range of attractions, many of which are conveniently located near each other. You can either join a city tour or create your own walking itinerary to soak in the local culture and history.
1. Stroll Through Plaza de Armas
The heart of Cusco, the Plaza de Armas, is a must-visit. This vibrant square is surrounded by stunning colonial architecture, including the Cusco Cathedral, the Church of the Triumph, and the Society of Jesus Church. The plaza buzzes with life, making it an ideal spot to relax, enjoy a coffee, and people-watch while marveling at the impressive historical buildings.
2. Visit the Cusco Cathedral
Designated a UNESCO World Heritage site, the Cusco Cathedral is a magnificent example of colonial architecture. Built between 1560 and 1654, the cathedral houses an important collection of colonial art. As you explore its intricacies, you’ll discover the deep connection between Cusco’s past and its present.
3. Walk Along Hatun Rumiyoc Street
Located near the San Blas neighborhood, Hatun Rumiyoc is famous for the Stone of Twelve Angles, an architectural marvel showcasing the Incan mastery of stonework. This narrow street is perfect for a leisurely walk, allowing you to appreciate the unique blend of Incan and colonial influences.
4. Explore Qorikancha (Temple of the Sun)
The Qorikancha was the most significant religious site of the Inca Empire. Originally known as Intikancha (Temple of the Sun), it was later built upon by the Spanish to create the Monastery of Santo Domingo. The fusion of Incan stonework with colonial design makes this a compelling site for history enthusiasts.
5. Shop for Local Goods at San Pedro Market
For a taste of local culture, visit the San Pedro Market, established in 1925 by French architect Gustave Eiffel. This vibrant market is an excellent place to immerse yourself in Cusco’s traditions, sample local dishes, and purchase exotic fruits, cheeses, and souvenirs. It’s best to visit between 8:00 AM and 5:00 PM for the full experience.
Tourist Attractions Near Cusco
After exploring the city, consider visiting the nearby archaeological sites. These locations are best accessed via a guided tour, ensuring a comprehensive experience.
1. Discover the Impressive Sacsayhuaman
Located just above Cusco, Sacsayhuaman is a remarkable archaeological site, famous for its massive stone walls and intricate construction. Built in the 15th century under the reign of Inca Pachacútec, the site offers stunning views of the city below. The sheer scale of the stones—some weighing over 125 tons—reflects the ingenuity and determination of the Inca people.
2. Relax in the Forest of Qenqo
Qenqo, meaning “Labyrinth” in Quechua, is a fascinating site that includes a series of tunnels and an ancient astronomical observatory known as Intihuatana. Its serene atmosphere makes it a great place to relax and reflect on the mysteries of the Inca civilization.
3. Explore Tambomachay and Puca Pucara
Tambomachay is renowned for its water channels and fountains, believed to be a ceremonial site dedicated to the worship of water. Nearby, Puca Pucara served a military function, acting as a checkpoint for travelers entering Cusco. Both sites offer intriguing insights into Inca life.
Excursions Beyond Cusco
While Cusco has much to offer, the surrounding region is equally captivating. Here are some top-day excursions you can take.
1. Experience the Rainbow Mountain (Vinicunca)
Vinicunca, or the Rainbow Mountain, is one of the most popular hiking destinations near Cusco. The colorful slopes attract adventurers from around the globe, and reaching the summit provides breathtaking views. Be prepared for an early start to witness the stunning sunrise over this natural wonder.
2. Hike to Humantay Lake
Situated at an altitude of 5,473 meters, Humantay Lake is another stunning destination for hikers. The turquoise waters set against the backdrop of snow-capped peaks create a breathtaking scene that is worth the trek. You can also join the Salkantay Trek for a more extensive hiking experience.
3. Visit Palccoyo Rainbow Mountain
If you prefer a less crowded alternative to Vinicunca, Palccoyo Rainbow Mountain offers similar stunning views with fewer tourists. The hike is more accessible and allows you to enjoy the beauty of the Andes at your own pace.
4. Cross Q’eswachaka, the Last Inca Bridge
The Q’eswachaka is a remarkable hanging bridge constructed over the Apurímac River. Each year, it undergoes traditional reconstruction by local communities, preserving this vital piece of Inca culture. Participating in the ceremony offers a unique insight into the continuity of Andean traditions.
5. Escape to the Sacred Valley
The Sacred Valley is home to picturesque villages, traditional markets, and significant archaeological sites. Key stops include Pisac, Ollantaytambo, and Maras-Moray, where you can experience the richness of Inca history and culture while enjoying breathtaking landscapes.
6. Explore Tipón Archaeological Site
Located south of Cusco, Tipón features impressive agricultural terraces and an advanced irrigation system. The site is a testament to Incan engineering and offers beautiful views of the surrounding landscape.
7. Learn About Wari Culture at Pikillaqta
Unlike other sites that belong to the Inca civilization, Pikillaqta was established by the Wari culture. The ruins offer a glimpse into pre-Inca society and their impressive urban planning.
An Unforgettable Experience in Cusco
Cusco is a city that beautifully intertwines the past with the present, offering visitors a rich tapestry of experiences. From the vibrant streets of the city to the awe-inspiring archaeological sites nearby, there is no shortage of things to do in Cusco in 2024. Whether you’re interested in history, culture, or nature, Cusco is sure to leave you with unforgettable memories and a deep appreciation for its historical significance.
As you plan your trip, remember to take the time to acclimatize to the altitude, explore both the city and surrounding attractions, and immerse yourself in the local culture. Cusco awaits with its breathtaking landscapes, warm hospitality, and a wealth of experiences that will stay with you long after you leave.
